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Aerogel is a new type of porous material with very large specific surface area and porosity. It is formed by colloid particles or polymers, and it is a highly dispersed three-dimensional porous solid material with gas as the dispersion medium.
There are many kinds of aerogels, which can be divided into inorganic aerogels, organic aerogels and composite aerogels.
Common aerogels are silica aerogels, alumina aerogels, zirconia aerogels and other aerogels with many unique properties, such as low density, high porosity, low thermal conductivity, high specific surface area and so on.
Aerogel has a wide range of applications, such as in the aerospace field, can be used to make spacecraft insulation materials, solar panels, etc.
In the field of environmental protection, it can be used for sewage treatment, air purification, etc. In the field of energy, it can be used for hydrogen storage, energy storage, etc. In the medical field, it can be used for drug delivery, biosensors, etc.
Application
Aerospace and Aviation Compared with traditional insulation materials, SiO₂ aerogel insulation materials can achieve better insulation effect with lighter weight and smaller volume, which has great advantages in aviation and aerospace applications. Aerogel can be used as a sound insulation material for aircraft. According to reports, the space shuttle and spacecraft re-enter the atmosphere to experience thousands of degrees of incandescent heat, to protect their safe return to Earth is the insulation material SiO₂ aerogel. In the design of the Mars Rover, NASA uses SiO₂ aerogel as a thermal insulation layer to protect against the ultra-low temperature of the Martian night. In addition, aerogel can also be made into space suits, space suits, with cold effect. |
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National Defense Aerogel can be used as a thermal insulation material for aircraft cabin, nuclear reactors, evaporators, boilers and complex high-temperature steam piping systems of nuclear submarines, steam-powered guided missile destroyers, which can enhance the thermal insulation effect, reduce the cabin temperature, effectively reduce the amount of thermal insulation materials, and increase the use of space in the cabin. Effectively improve various working environments. |
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Petrochemical, natural gas, solar power One of the key requirements of subsea oil and gas fields is the transport of unprocessed hydrocarbons, which are often exposed to high temperatures and pressures, and are transported over increasingly long distances along the coastal floor. Without adequate insulation, these hydrocarbons will cool and form hydrates or wax, blocking the delivery pipeline. |
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Conventional industries In the chemical industry, metallurgical industry, etc., there is a widespread use of aerogel insulation materials to replace traditional thermal insulation materials in pipelines, furnaces and other thermal equipment, aerogel energy saving effect is good. The thermal conductivity of traditional thermal insulation materials (such as glass fiber, aluminum silicate fiber, etc.) increases sharply with the increase of temperature, and the thermal insulation effect is not good, which greatly affects their thermal insulation effect. |
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Transportation With the development of rail transit such as high-speed rail and light rail, the speed is getting faster and faster, and higher requirements are put forward for the vehicle itself. In addition to having a good insulation effect, the insulation material used must also have better light weight, flame retardant, sound insulation, environmental protection and other performance. Aerogel insulation material is suitable for high-speed trains such as high-speed rail and light rail. In addition, aerogel can also be applied to the heat insulation of high-power engines such as automobiles and ships. |
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Other industries | |
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